The default preset after a device fails. For example, an electric door auto-locks in the event of a failure.
Fail Closed
Failure mode in which the system defaults to a closed state.
Fail Open
Systems that default into an open state. Done to prevent a device from becoming a Single Point of Failure.
- Firewall (sometimes)
 - ACL (sometimes)
 - IPS (sometimes)
 - Network Tap Fail open is risky, and is not the default option for devices.